Anaemia Is a Clinical Finding, Not a Disease: Experts Urge Root-Cause Diagnosis
Anaemia is not a disease in itself but a clinical finding that signals an underlying health condition, experts said during a webinar titled 'Anaemia: Understanding Causes and Effects' organised by The Hindu. They stressed that identifying the root cause is the first step towards effective treatment.
The experts explained that while iron deficiency remains the most common cause of anaemia, the condition can also result from deficiencies of vitamin B12 or folate, inherited blood disorders such as thalassaemia and sickle cell disease, chronic kidney disease, infections, autoimmune disorders, bone marrow diseases, and several other underlying illnesses. They emphasised that management should always be tailored to the underlying cause rather than assuming all anaemia is due to iron deficiency.
Ramya Uppuluri, consultant paediatric haematologist and oncologist at Apollo Hospitals, discussed anaemia in children and adolescents. She explained its nutritional and inherited causes, early warning signs, and the importance of timely diagnosis during growing years. She highlighted the role of adequate nutrition, early intervention, and regular follow-up in preventing complications that could affect growth, development, and learning.
Speaking on anaemia in adults, Divya M., consultant haematologist at Rela Hospital, outlined investigations used to determine the underlying cause. She explained that treatment should be guided by the cause rather than relying solely on iron supplements, and highlighted newer diagnostic approaches and management options for complex blood disorders.
Subham Bhattacharya, consultant haematology at CK Birla Hospitals, discussed advances in diagnosing and managing anaemia and emphasised the importance of recognising symptoms early and seeking appropriate medical care.
During the question-and-answer session, participants raised queries on iron deficiency without anaemia, persistent anaemia despite iron therapy, inherited blood disorders, the impact of anaemia on cognition and immunity, blood donation and iron stores, newer laboratory tests, and the need to strengthen public health screening beyond haemoglobin estimation.
Experts highlighted that balanced nutrition, routine health screening, early diagnosis, and evidence-based treatment are essential to reducing the burden of anaemia and preventing long-term complications.
The session was moderated by Athira Elssa Johnson, Senior Reporter at The Hindu. The webinar can be viewed at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dFBimIT8I-Q.
