Sarnath inscribed on UNESCO World Heritage List; India's tally reaches 45

The ancient Buddhist site of Sarnath in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, has been added to the UNESCO World Heritage List. The decision was taken during the 48th session of the World Heritage Committee, held in Busan, South Korea, and announced by the committee's chairperson, Lee Byong Hyun, on Sunday.

With this inscription, India now has 45 UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The site has been recognised as a serial property comprising the Chaukhandi Stupa and the Archaeological Remains of Sarnath. These include the preserved archaeological and architectural remains of the ancient Buddhist settlement.

Sarnath is traditionally regarded as the place where Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon after attaining enlightenment in the 6th century BCE. Also known as Rishipatana, Ishipatana, Mrigadava, or the Deer Park, it is considered one of the four principal destinations of Buddhist pilgrimage established by the Buddha himself.

According to UNESCO, "Sarnath, Varanasi bears witness to the enduring spiritual significance of Sarnath, one of the four principal destinations of Buddhist pilgrimage, established by the Buddha himself, as demonstrated by the large number of religious buildings and other monuments that were built and rebuilt on-site during the many centuries of its existence."

Prime Minister Narendra Modi welcomed the recognition in a post on social media platform X. He wrote, "This recognition celebrates India's profound civilisational and spiritual heritage. It will also inspire more people across the world to come to Sarnath and connect with the ideals of Lord Buddha."

The inclusion of Sarnath comes as India continues to expand its presence on the UNESCO list. The country's World Heritage properties include cultural, natural, and mixed sites. Sarnath is the latest addition, and the recognition highlights the site's global cultural significance.

The World Heritage Committee, which meets annually, is responsible for selecting sites for inscription based on criteria such as Outstanding Universal Value. The 48th session in Busan is being attended by delegates from member countries, who review nominations submitted by states parties.

Sarnath's archaeological remains include stupas, monasteries, and sculptures that date from various periods of Buddhist history. The site has been a major pilgrimage centre for centuries and continues to attract visitors from around the world. The new status is expected to bring increased international attention and support for its preservation.